Title: The Death of Macho
Author: Reihan Salam
Date: 2009
Topic: The era of male dominance in the working and economic force is coming to an end, along with the effects of male unemployment and female employment.
Analysis of Argument
Exigence: Salam explains how the idea of macho is fading from today's society with high male unemployment. Salam believes there are two choices to be made, adaption or Resistance for the roles of males in today's new society.
Intended Audience: Anyone who may be involved in finance along with scholarly audiences, because of the reasoning and details in the text.
Purpose: To bring light onto how the ideals of males being the primary breadwinners in a family are changing, and Salam mentions the there will be a conflict for the position of power between males and females in the coming years.
Claims: "The era of male dominance is coming to an end... the world has been witnessing a quiet but monumental hit in power from men to women(629)."
Main Evidence: Author Reihan Salam claims that economic power and status is changing from men to woman, Salam uses many examples in his article. First of all Salam talks about the recession and its impact on men, "Unbelievably disproportionate impact that the current crisis is having on men...so much that the recession in now known to some economists as the "he-cession(630)." Salam is simply saying that men are reviving the main effects of job loss and economic hardship from the recession, Such as "80 percent of job losses in the United States since November have fallen on men(630)." Salam also predicts that "by the end of 2009, the global recession is expected to put as many as 28 million men out of work worldwide(630)." And things are to only get worse for men as the recession continues, but as man's status fail women's status gain power. The change in Traditional gender roles is another topic Salam brings up, "women were promised economic security in exchange for the state's entrenchment of male economic power(632)." meaning women are gaining more power in roles were men originally had power.
Rhetorical Analysis:
Writer's Strategy 1:(Ethos) The author uses facts and terms that help the reader understand the authors concerns and point of view, for example the male macho.
Writer's Strategy 2: (Logos)The author explains the role of men in society and then compares it to the role men have now after the recession and how women have changed from house wives to main breadwinners in today's families.
Writer's Strategy 3: (Pathos)The author uses vivid language, but connects to the reader very little on an emotional level.
Reader's Effect 1: The authors tone made the reader believe what the author was talking about and helped the reader see from the authors point of view his concerns. The authors resources and facts helped reinforce his ideas and credibility.
Reader's Effect 2: The authors us of Strong facts and clear information helped the reader understand the article, understand the authors logic behind his reasons and supporting evidence.
Reader's Effect 3: The author used very little Pathos to connect to the reader, but the article didn't need that connection to the reader. The facts along gave the reader a feel of confection.
My Response
This article talks about how the male macho is dying from today's standards of how the world works. I agree with the author Salam, i have noticed more women in power and i encourage the change. One thought i had while reading this was the author had no real opinions on what he was saying, he only gave facts and never encouraged the change or apposed the change. The author didn't use any emotional form of writing to show the reader his opinions.
Monday, October 29, 2012
Sunday, October 21, 2012
RR #2
"Bros Before Hos": The Guy Code" written by sociologist Micheal Kimmel, investigates the values, rites, and preoccupations of what it means to be a man. Kimmel focuses on young men between the ages of sixteen to twenty six, Kimmel starts off by asking the young men what they think it means to be a man, and the answers he gets are really predictable. Kimmel then goes into explaining the ideals of masculinity in America, the pressure that is put onto boys at a young age and the constant efforts it takes to maintain a manly front. The fear of being called "gay" along with the sense of homosexuality and homophobia is what drives many young men to do anything to prove they are toughed and a real man.
Kimmel has traveled to countless colleges and work shoppes around the country asking women what it means to be a woman and asking men what it means to be a man. The response that he got from men go as; donut cry, never show you feelings, take it like a man, and my personal favorite nice guys don't finish last. Kimmel states " all these aphorisms involves never showing emotions or admitting to weakness"(609). Not showing emotion or always being in control and all rules to being masculine. There has been four rules summarized by a social psychologist Robert Brannon in 1976, No sissy stuff, Be a success, Be reliable in a crisis, and Give'em Hell. There have been multiple studies on these four rules and very little has changed among successive generations of high school and college men.
Kimmel researches the history of the idea of masculinity in America, what he found was that men don't want to impress woman or have an inner drive but the want to be positively evaluated by other men. Other men want to be seen as a "manly man " not a woman's man, they want to be seen as a tough strong man not a feminine man. The development of these ideas as Kimmel point out are from "Other guys constantly watch how well we preform. Our peers are a kind of "gender police", always waiting for us to screw up.."(612). We stay on one side of the fence, the side that keeps us defined as a man defined as masculine. Its the fear of taking one step over the fence and having our manhood taken away its the fear of being labeled as faggot or a wuss. To not conform to the image portrayed by being a man could result in the lose of your manhood, you risk loosing everything and maybe even yourself.
The psychological development of being a man starts early, its a constant test. Boys learn at an early age that their connection to their mother will turn them into a mama's boy and in a result they start to suppress emotions and create distance with suppressing emotions. Even starting school teaches young boys to be tough Kimmel states the messages boys get "Stand on your own two feet! Don't cry! Don't be a sissy!" and Kimmel even quotes a nine-year old "I think it means acting tougher than you actually are"(616). Even at an early age the "boy code" effects young boys and how they are disconnected from emotions. Eventually that code turns into the "guy code" and as they grow older they feel disconnected.
Kimmel's approach to how being a man is a naturally influenced decision and not a biological influence is something i strongly agree with. No boy is born as a distant unemotional child, but he is taught to act how a man acts. When i was young my father taught me to deal with my problems on my own. I have one major memory growing up,i was about the age of seven and i was crying about something and the only thing my father said to me was how crying doesn't solve my problems only doing something about it does. To this day what he said sticks with me and as i get older i see how i am more like him everyday, i don't talk about my emotions and i confront my problems and most of all i haven't cried since that day my father talked to me. Part of this is because i fear i wont be seen as a man in the eyes of my peers, its a constant though going through the back of my mind " is this manly?" But times are changing slowly.
Kimmel has traveled to countless colleges and work shoppes around the country asking women what it means to be a woman and asking men what it means to be a man. The response that he got from men go as; donut cry, never show you feelings, take it like a man, and my personal favorite nice guys don't finish last. Kimmel states " all these aphorisms involves never showing emotions or admitting to weakness"(609). Not showing emotion or always being in control and all rules to being masculine. There has been four rules summarized by a social psychologist Robert Brannon in 1976, No sissy stuff, Be a success, Be reliable in a crisis, and Give'em Hell. There have been multiple studies on these four rules and very little has changed among successive generations of high school and college men.
Kimmel researches the history of the idea of masculinity in America, what he found was that men don't want to impress woman or have an inner drive but the want to be positively evaluated by other men. Other men want to be seen as a "manly man " not a woman's man, they want to be seen as a tough strong man not a feminine man. The development of these ideas as Kimmel point out are from "Other guys constantly watch how well we preform. Our peers are a kind of "gender police", always waiting for us to screw up.."(612). We stay on one side of the fence, the side that keeps us defined as a man defined as masculine. Its the fear of taking one step over the fence and having our manhood taken away its the fear of being labeled as faggot or a wuss. To not conform to the image portrayed by being a man could result in the lose of your manhood, you risk loosing everything and maybe even yourself.
The psychological development of being a man starts early, its a constant test. Boys learn at an early age that their connection to their mother will turn them into a mama's boy and in a result they start to suppress emotions and create distance with suppressing emotions. Even starting school teaches young boys to be tough Kimmel states the messages boys get "Stand on your own two feet! Don't cry! Don't be a sissy!" and Kimmel even quotes a nine-year old "I think it means acting tougher than you actually are"(616). Even at an early age the "boy code" effects young boys and how they are disconnected from emotions. Eventually that code turns into the "guy code" and as they grow older they feel disconnected.
Kimmel's approach to how being a man is a naturally influenced decision and not a biological influence is something i strongly agree with. No boy is born as a distant unemotional child, but he is taught to act how a man acts. When i was young my father taught me to deal with my problems on my own. I have one major memory growing up,i was about the age of seven and i was crying about something and the only thing my father said to me was how crying doesn't solve my problems only doing something about it does. To this day what he said sticks with me and as i get older i see how i am more like him everyday, i don't talk about my emotions and i confront my problems and most of all i haven't cried since that day my father talked to me. Part of this is because i fear i wont be seen as a man in the eyes of my peers, its a constant though going through the back of my mind " is this manly?" But times are changing slowly.
Sunday, October 14, 2012
Final Draft Prop. 30
Proposition 30’s Crisis
Times have changed;
California's education is failing along with the state budget and now is the
time for us as voters to change it. In 2011 the state budget was $25 billion in
debt when Gov. Brown started. Over the past year, just trying to balance out the
billions of dollars of debt the lawmakers have drastically reduced spending in
health, community development, public safety and most importantly education. Even
with these drastic cuts the budget remains out of balance and will stay in debt
unless something changes. Gov. Brown has proposed a solution, Proposition 30; I
believe will work to restore California’s financial budget crisis and
Educational system.
Proposition
30 if passed is estimated to raise $6-9 billion in new revenue each year for
public education and public safety. Prop. 30 would raise income taxes 1-3% for
seven years on the wealthiest families, the most "blessed", making
over $500,000 a year. Sales taxes would be raised by quarter of a cent for the
next four years, 90% of prop. 30's revenue will be used to fund public
education and safety. Prop. 30's revenue will help fund K-12 schools,
preventing a three week cut of school. 11% of the revenue will go towards
community colleges. $5.6 billion in funding that can be used for healthcare,
and high education is freed up, and a prevention of dramatic cuts to CSUs of
$250 million of class cuts, layoffs and enrollment cuts are prevented. The
estimated new revenue gives students the opportunity to attend class and be
able to go to school giving them the chance to obtain the American dream.
Schools in
California have already faced budget cuts that changed how students view
school. California schools cannot risk the loss of anymore money. Without Prop. 30 the schools and colleges face an additional $6 billion
in devastating cuts this year. Prop. 30 is the only advantage schools have left
that prevents those cuts and at the same time provides billions of new funding
for the schools starting this year. If Proposition 30 is rejected
according to San Bernardino Sun “…then nearly $6 billion will be cut
from the budgets of the state's public schools and universities. The results
will be catastrophic: Teachers across the state will be laid off; admissions at
state colleges and universities will be cut; tuition at California State
Universities will go up by $150 a semester; k-12 students will have their
school years cut by more than a week, and the state's slowly recovering economy
could be thrown into a tailspin ". And that's just in the first year. With the billions of dollars’ of cuts even
more classes, layoff of faculty, staff and enrollment cuts will be enforced. Law enforcement, fire departments and public
safety funding will take a sustainable reduction. The cuts will continue until the
economy significantly improves or the state finds a very large gold pot at the
end of a rainbow.
However in the end
its go to work and pay up or no education and watch California’s budget crisis
drag it into darkness. As a student I pay for my classes, and in return I have
to work to be able to go to school. I am a 19 year old college student and this
is my second year at Cabrillo. Even if my first year I had trouble getting into
the classes I wanted, I was on the wait-list for all of my classes but one.
This semester I had a small list of classes to choose from still. The class
sizes, the cutting of programs and classes have affected me dramatically. The
more classes that get cut means the price of the other classes go up along with
the book prices, which in return means I have to work more hours taking away my
time to be in school. Not to mention the increase of students trying to get
into a class with limited seats. I have had to stand in the back of class rooms
listening to lectures while others stand outside the door all because of the
increasing cuts. I have seen teachers turn students away at the door due to oversized
classes. Originally I only had to spend three years at college to obtain the
units I need for my career, now after class cuts, an increase of hours at work
to pay for school and not being able to get into a class those three years have
turned out to be closer to four or five.
Everyone has an "American dream" may
it be to be rich and powerful or to be a school teacher. My dream is to be able
to have a family and to be able to provide whatever they need, the classic
white picket fence. This is achieved through hard work, dedication and a strong
educational background. But with the current educational crisis I fear for the
future of the American dream. Everyone deserves and needs an opportunity for a
strong education and without the chance for proposition 30 to restore the state’s
budget I fear that the American dream will almost be impossible to obtain, but
with the help of proposition 30 there is a chance for America's education and
the American dream.
In this time of
economic disaster proposition 30 gives the state the chance to help relieve the
damage from budget cuts and to restore some of the education, public safety,
and community services. Prop. 30 give California the opportunity to change its
future. However there are some groups that are against prop. 30. According to the Santa Cruz Sentinel say that
proposition 30 is not needed because “it's unlikely that all the trigger cuts
will happen as threatened. The evidence for this comes from previous trigger
cuts that were threatened but never materialized as deeply as threatened”. So
maybe all the trigger cuts won’t go into effect, but even a $2 billion cut in school
funding would be devastating to the schools and the economy. That cut would
further cripple the economic growth. Another major point brought to the table
is that the raising off taxes will destroy family businesses and small businesses,
but according to the department of finance, the revenue from this proposition
represents just over half of what was lost when three other taxes expired in
2010 and 2011. The overall tax burden will still be lower than it was two years
ago. In the Bakersfield Californian an article points out that, “contrary to the governor's claims, Proposition 30 does not
create new revenue for schools; it merely restores some of what's already been
cut”. Meaning the $5.6 billion in funding that is saved for healthcare,
and high education is not new money for the schools to do whatever with, all
the money would do is replace what is missing in union costs for teachers and
their pensions, still some money is better than none.
In this economic
time of disaster education is facing devastating cuts if proposition 30 isn't
passed, more cuts to California's already poorly funded system means less
classes, smaller class sizes, less availability and not to mention higher class
prices for students. Proposition 30 gives the state a chance to help relieve
the budget cuts and to restore some of the education, public safety, and
community services in California. Proposition 30 sets the stage for the
restoration of California's budget crisis. Proposition 30 is no substitute for
long-term reforms, but it is a measured and functional response to this crisis.
Vote yes on
proposition 30.
Sunday, October 7, 2012
Rough Draft
times have changed, California's education is failing along with the state budget and now is the time for us as voters to change it. In 2011 the state budget was $25 billion in debt when Gov. Brown started. Over the past year, just trying to balance out the billions of dollars of debt the lawmakers have drastically reduced spending in health, community development, public safety and most importantly education. even with these drastic cuts the budget remains out of balance and will stay in debt unless something changes. Gov. Brown has proposed a solution, that i believe will work if passed Proposition 30.
Proposition 30 if passed is estimated to raise $6-9 billion in new revenue each year for public education and public safety. Prop. 30 would raise income taxes 1-3% for seven years on the wealthiest families, the most "blessed", making over $500,000 a year. Sales taxes would be raised by 1/4 cent for the next four years, 90% of prop. 30's revenue will be used to fund public education and safety. Prop. 30's revenue will help fund K-12 schools, preventing a three week cut of school. 11% of the revenue will go towards community colleges. $5.6 billion in funding that can be used for healthcare, and high education is freed up, and a prevention of dramatic cuts to CSUs of $250 million of class cuts, layoffs and enrollment cuts are prevented. The estimated new revenue gives students the opportunity to attend class and be able to go to school giving them the chance to obtain the American dream.
Schools in California have already faced budget cuts that changed how students view school. California schools cannot risk the loss of anymore money. If proposition 30 doesn't pass a series of "trigger" cuts will go into effect. If rejected according to kcet.org " Schools and community colleges would take a hit on nearly $5.4 billion, and many other departments would see reductions too". resulting in even more class cuts, layoff of faculty, staff and enrollment cuts. Law enforcement, fire departments and public safety funding will take a sustainable reduction.
As a student i pay for my classes, and in return i have to work to be able to go to school. I am a 19 year old college student and this is my second year at Cabrillo. Even if my first year i had trouble getting into the classes i wanted, i was on the wait-list for all of my classes but one. This semester i had a small list of classes to choose from still. The class sizes, the cutting of programs and classes have effected me dramatically. The more classes that get cut means the price of the other classes go up along with the book prices, which in return means i have to work more hours taking away my time to be in school. Not to mention the increase of students trying to get into a class with limited seats. I have had to stand in the back of class rooms listening to lectures while others stand outside the door all because of the increasing cuts. I have seen teachers turn students away at the door due to over sized classes. Originally i only had to spend three years at college to optaine the units i need for my career, now after class cuts, an increase of hours at work to pay for school and not being able to get into a class those three years have turned out to be closer to four or five.
Everyone has a "american dream" may it be to be rich and powerful or to be a school teacher. My dream is to be able to have a family and to be able to provide whatever they need, the classic white picket fence. This is achieved through hard work, dedication and a strong educational background. But with the current educational crisis i fear for the future of the american dream. Everyone deserves and needs a opportunity for a strong education and without the chance for proposition 30 to restore the states budget i fear that the american dream will almost be impossible to obtain, but with the help of proposition 30 there is a chance for America's education and the american dream.
In this time of economic disaster proposition 30 gives the state the chance to help relieve the damage from budget cuts and to restore some of the education, public safety, and community services. Prop. 30 gives California the opprotunity to change its future. However there are some groups that are against prop. 30. They say that proposition 30 will destroy family businesses and small businsses through the raising of taxes. In the LAtimes proposition was referred to as a "$50 billion political shell game" meaning that funding is not guaranted to schools. But proposition is the first step in many hopefully to restore California's debt and education
Proposition 30 if passed is estimated to raise $6-9 billion in new revenue each year for public education and public safety. Prop. 30 would raise income taxes 1-3% for seven years on the wealthiest families, the most "blessed", making over $500,000 a year. Sales taxes would be raised by 1/4 cent for the next four years, 90% of prop. 30's revenue will be used to fund public education and safety. Prop. 30's revenue will help fund K-12 schools, preventing a three week cut of school. 11% of the revenue will go towards community colleges. $5.6 billion in funding that can be used for healthcare, and high education is freed up, and a prevention of dramatic cuts to CSUs of $250 million of class cuts, layoffs and enrollment cuts are prevented. The estimated new revenue gives students the opportunity to attend class and be able to go to school giving them the chance to obtain the American dream.
Schools in California have already faced budget cuts that changed how students view school. California schools cannot risk the loss of anymore money. If proposition 30 doesn't pass a series of "trigger" cuts will go into effect. If rejected according to kcet.org " Schools and community colleges would take a hit on nearly $5.4 billion, and many other departments would see reductions too". resulting in even more class cuts, layoff of faculty, staff and enrollment cuts. Law enforcement, fire departments and public safety funding will take a sustainable reduction.
As a student i pay for my classes, and in return i have to work to be able to go to school. I am a 19 year old college student and this is my second year at Cabrillo. Even if my first year i had trouble getting into the classes i wanted, i was on the wait-list for all of my classes but one. This semester i had a small list of classes to choose from still. The class sizes, the cutting of programs and classes have effected me dramatically. The more classes that get cut means the price of the other classes go up along with the book prices, which in return means i have to work more hours taking away my time to be in school. Not to mention the increase of students trying to get into a class with limited seats. I have had to stand in the back of class rooms listening to lectures while others stand outside the door all because of the increasing cuts. I have seen teachers turn students away at the door due to over sized classes. Originally i only had to spend three years at college to optaine the units i need for my career, now after class cuts, an increase of hours at work to pay for school and not being able to get into a class those three years have turned out to be closer to four or five.
Everyone has a "american dream" may it be to be rich and powerful or to be a school teacher. My dream is to be able to have a family and to be able to provide whatever they need, the classic white picket fence. This is achieved through hard work, dedication and a strong educational background. But with the current educational crisis i fear for the future of the american dream. Everyone deserves and needs a opportunity for a strong education and without the chance for proposition 30 to restore the states budget i fear that the american dream will almost be impossible to obtain, but with the help of proposition 30 there is a chance for America's education and the american dream.
In this time of economic disaster proposition 30 gives the state the chance to help relieve the damage from budget cuts and to restore some of the education, public safety, and community services. Prop. 30 gives California the opprotunity to change its future. However there are some groups that are against prop. 30. They say that proposition 30 will destroy family businesses and small businsses through the raising of taxes. In the LAtimes proposition was referred to as a "$50 billion political shell game" meaning that funding is not guaranted to schools. But proposition is the first step in many hopefully to restore California's debt and education
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